We then performed quantitative analysis of their distribution (Fig. 6A–C), and examined whether dark astrocytes interacted more or less often with blood vessels in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of APP-PS1 vs C57BL/6J mice, as vascular dysfunction was previously noted in the hippocampus during aging and AD pathology, using human and mouse samples [113–117]. The gene discussed is APP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.