To test whether TNFR1 mediated the effects of TNF-α on chronic pain-induced anxiety, we knocked down Tnfr1 specifically in PrLBLA neurons with an injection of retrograde AAV-Cre virus into the BLA and AAV-DIO-Tnfr1-shRNA-eGFP into the PrL (Figure 10, B and C). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Anxiety.