Similarly, although T3 also decreased proton leak in MSCs from infants who died or developed moderate to severe BPD as well as those who survived with no or mild BPD, there was no change in the expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which is considered to be an important mediator of ETC uncoupling, indicating that other members of the UCP family such as UCP1 or UCP3 could play a role in causing these differences (Figure 5C and Supplemental Figures 9 and 10). This evidence concerns the gene UCP2 and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.