Along with the expression of four TMZ-resistant markers, MGMT expression, MGMT promoter methylation status, hypermutation status, GBM subtype, somatic mutations, and CNAs identified from the main cohort, we added 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) tendency [36] as another feature (Additional file 1: Table S1). Here, MGMT is linked to glioblastoma.