We found that AMD3100 significantly inhibited MMP19 induced monocyte adhesion to HPMECs and CXCR4+ monocyte accumulation in lung tissues (Fig. 6H, I), and alleviated the MMP19-induced increase in hydroxyproline levels and accumulation of ECM and collagen in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis (Fig. 6J, K). Here, CXCR4 is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.