The main role of the TiO2 matrix therefore is dual, where it serves as a reservoir for the controlled release of copper ions to generate oxidative stress at the lysosomal level, while it also acts as a direct activator of NLRP3 inflammasomes and hereby functions as an adjuvant, where it boosts the immune response, which is of particular interest in the case of cancer immunotherapy, where strong and potent antigens are often lacking. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and cancer.