The BBB damage, measured in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as pericyte- and platelet-derived biomarkers such as soluble platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (sPDGFRβ) predicted the future cognitive status in carriers even after controlling the analysis for Aβ and tau levels.25These predictive biomarkers correlated with increased CypA - MMP9 activity in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and are very promising for early diagnosis of AD. This evidence concerns the gene PPIA and Alzheimer disease.