F11 and atherosclerosis: As such, EC dysfunction is common in inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis, and often appears early on in the course of the disease.77, 78Recent observations have shown that FXI inhibition preserves endothelial barrier function in mice and primates in vivo,31, 75suggesting that the EC surface may serve as a source or a sink for FXIa activity (Fig. 2).