MMP2 and breast carcinoma: MTAP may help prevent the growth and spread of the disease by controlling the ODC activity and putrescine level in breast cancer cells, and by limiting tumor angiogenesis by reducing ODC activity and downregulating the levels of angiogenesis mediators matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D (VEGFD) in breast cancer cells [15].