CSF2 and allergic asthma: In allergic asthma, T-cell differentiation into TH2 cells also occurs upon the presentation of antigens by dendritic cells to naïve T-cells which leads to the release of a variety of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-9, IL-13, Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor GM-CSF) in the airways (40).