Fungal-derived polysaccharide β-glucan (a major ligand of Dectin-1) induces the differentiation of M-MDSCs (monocytic MDSCs) into a more mature population with a CD11c+ F4/80+ phenotype and drastically decreases iNOS and ARG-1 production via the dectin-1 pathway in vitro, thereby leading to delayed tumor progression in a mouse Lewis lung cancer model (88). The gene discussed is ARG1; the disease is neoplasm.