It is known that regulatory T cells can suppress responses of effector T cells such as Th2 cells by the action of IL-10 and TGF-β (54), and adoptive transfer of antigen-specific regulatory T cells have shown to suppress food allergy in a murine model (55), thus demonstrating the capability of this T cell subset to counteract unfavourable antigen-specific immune responses. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and food allergy.