This study comprehensively reviewed the biological background of ECRG4 gene and its expression in cardiovascular system, focusing on the possible mechanism of ECRG4’s involvement in the formation of atrial fibrillation, which provides a new idea for reducing perioperative atrial fibrillation and myocardial injury in patients with esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and other tumors. Here, ECRG4 is linked to atrial fibrillation.