S100A8 and cancer: S100A8/A9 can stimulate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (2), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) (3), melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) (4, 5), and neuroplastin (NPTN)β (6), which we collectively named the S100 soil sensor receptors (SSSRs) (7), resulting in the acquisition of metastatic force in several cancer cell lines.