The results showed that in EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer, not only the density and function of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are suppressed, the PD-L1 genes CD274 and CD86 are also downregulated, and HHLA2 and VTCN1 (B7-H4) were upregulated. Here, VTCN1 is linked to lung carcinoma.