With the same grouping criteria, validation cohort 1, integrated from three public NSCLC WES (whole-exome sequencing) cohorts, including 56 patients with NSCLC treated with anti-PD-(L)1 therapy (15), 75 patients with NSCLC treated with PD-1 plus CTLA-4 blockade (LUAD only) (16), and 69 patients with NSCLC treated with anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) (17), included 200 ICI-treated patients and was used to validate the predictive ability of the model. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.