VEGFA and neoplasm: On POD 1, serological biomarkers of tumor metastasis MMP-3 (-69.08 ± 13.22, -52.84 ± 13.78, -85.34 ± 12.59 ng/ml vs. -40.55 ± 10.71 ng/ml in Group L, D, LD vs. Group C, P<0.001, respectively), MMP-9 (-8.46 ± 1.68, -6.07 ± 1.82, -9.67 ± 1.43 ng/ml in Group L, D, LD vs. Group C, P<0.001, respectively), and VEGF-α (-95.55 ± 22.53, -71.65 ± 18.77, -104.89 ± 15.49 vs. -51.73 ± 16.27 pg/ml in Group L, D, LD vs. Group C, P<0.001, respectively) were also decreased in the Lido and Dex groups (Table 3, Figure 2B).