Compared with baseline, for SR and AF, after six cycles of infusion of levosimendan, NYHA classification and LVEDD was significantly improved in SR (p < 0.05) but not in AF group; however, there was no significant difference in the changes of BNP, LVEF, LVEDD and NYHA classification between SR and AF (p > 0.05). Here, NPPB is linked to atrial fibrillation.