NF-κB can bind to enhancers and promoters of its target genes, such as matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA) and chemokine receptors (CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CCR2 and CCR7, etc.)that control metastasis, invasion and angiogenesis of cancer cells (Richmond, 2002; Taniguchi and Karin, 2018; Tatangelo et al., 2022). Here, VEGFA is linked to cancer.