It appears todisrupt spermatogenesis by targeting the interaction between junctionplakoglobin and SPEM1 (spermatid maturation 1) receptor on the sperm.124 Micewith SPEM1 gene knock-out have deformed sperm with a characteristic kinked headwrapped around by the mid-section of the tail.125 Naturally occurringcompounds causing infertility may continue to offer insight into future malecontraceptive pathways. This evidence concerns the gene SPEM1 and Infertility.