To investigate how TNF-α downregulates BMAd-derived adiponectin, transwell co-culture of myeloma cells with BMAds was used, and it revealed an increase in activation of JNK, p38MAPK and ERK1/2, pathways that are implicated in TNF-α mediated suppression of adiponectin in WAT (69). Here, TNF is linked to plasma cell myeloma.