While the experimental design of the compared studies may differ, the similarities in results, with both the present and a compared study showing increases in AQP4 following injury and disease, suggests that the closed-head aspect of this model still produces pathology that is representative of pathology reported in traditional CCI models that replicate pathology observed following mTBI in humans (Yao et al., 2015; Szu et al., 2020). Here, AQP4 is linked to concussion.