Interestingly, the inhibitory system is more likely to be disordered in many diseases, and the resulting E-I imbalance is often an important mechanism in these diseases, such as lots of evidence for primary inhibitory dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders (Gilby and O’Brien, 2013; Nelson and Valakh, 2015), less inhibition linked to SZ (Bhat et al., 2021), parvalbumin cells or parvalbumin cells innervated pyramidal neurons pathway selective degenerated lead to E-I imbalance in AD (Yang et al., 2018). Here, PVALB is linked to Alzheimer disease.