In the case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, it is significant that the CHRM1–/– mouse has changes in bronchoconstriction (Struckmann et al., 2003) and a pan-CHRM1, 2 and 3 antagonist is used to treat asthma (Matera et al., 2020). The gene discussed is CHRM1; the disease is asthma.