Some of the characteristics of these emerging targets are summarized in Table 2 and Table 3, in which PTEN mutation, KRAS G12C, STK11/LKB1 mutation, NFE2L2/KEAP1 mutation, RICTOR amplification, YES1 amplification occur more frequently in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, but most of these emerging targets lack marketed targeted drugs. Here, PTEN is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.