Under chemotherapy treatment, patients with advanced sq-NSCLC have low survival rates, the median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with stage IIIB–IV sq-NSCLC was ~4–6 months (6–16), and the median overall survival (OS) was 10–15 months (7–17), Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitors are considered to be a breakthrough in the treatment of sq-NSCLC. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.