Staphylococcus aureus alpha‐hemolysin (SAH), coding a pore‐forming protein, was cloned into E. coli to kill cancer cells and suppress tumor growth.[123]E. coli MG1655 transformed with plasmid pBV220 (containing a thermosensitive promoter with a therapeutic protein coding gene (TNF‐α)), as heat‐sensitive bacteria, could rapidly colonize tumor and induce the expression of TNF‐α under NIR.[199] Similarly, the engineered E. coli MG1655 expressing ClyA was also designed for antitumor therapy.[121, 169] Ho et al. Here, TNF is linked to cancer.