Studies in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease, brain injury, myocardial infarction and inflammatory bowel disease could demonstrate a reduction in expression levels of interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, MCP-1 and NLRP3 upon treatment with pterostilbene and prebiotics38–41. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.