In practical terms, this is reflected in the number of international units of insulin that were required in our study to manage the number of carbohydrates contained in the Mediterranean and ketogenic meal, which are slightly less than the amounts that are suggested as a starting point for carbohydrate counting in type I diabetes [37], probably due to the difference in efficiency between exogenous and endogenous insulin. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.