A meta-analysis examining the effects of quercetin supplementation in preclinical models of IBD (11 animal studies with 199 animals) established that quercetin could improve histological scores, disease activity scores, inflammatory biomarkers (e.g., IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, and myeloperoxidase activity), and markers of oxidative stress (e.g., malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity) [93]. Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.