MPO and inflammation: Aesculin (7-hydroxy-6-O-glucosylcoumarin) (Figure 5), another coumarin derivative, demonstrated protective effects on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)- and TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation by counteracting glutathione (GSH) depletion and inhibiting myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, thereby suppressing clinical indicators of intestinal inflammation and histopathological damage promoted by DSS.