CADASIL belongs to the group of small vessel diseases (SVD) and is a fairly rare (1.98/100,000) genetic disorder, caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene (on chromosome 19, locus 19p13.1–p13.2; OMIM: 125310), which determines the amino acid sequence of NOTCH3 protein, playing a crucial role not only in receptor binding but also in intercellular communication [1,2]. This evidence concerns the gene NOTCH3 and CADASIL.