CFTR and cystic fibrosis: However, a possible consequence of CF macrophage dysfunction and M1 polarization has been suggested regarding an imbalance in the anti-inflammatory regulation of the adaptive immune branch, where the presence of reduced Tregs cells has been observed in CF patients, accompanied by preferential increments of Th-17 cells (the latter are actively involved in neutrophil recruitment in CF bronchi [136,137,138], an imbalance that does not seem corrected by CFTR modulators [138].