This study aimed to assess the possible association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene (rs2075876 G/A and rs760426 A/G) with the risk of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), as well as AIRE serum levels, in the Egyptian population. This evidence concerns the gene AIRE and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura.