We found no significant differences in leptin levels, either before or after puberty, between the two groups of patients who were overweight/obesity (ASD+/Ob+ and ASD−/Ob+) or between the two groups with normal body weight (ASD+/Ob− and ASD−/Ob−), although the comparison of non-ASD and ASD pre-pubertal children with normal body weight revealed a strong trend toward significance for higher leptin levels in the ASD+/Ob− group. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.