TLR5 and neoplasm: MTDH has also been shown to interact with NF-κB by translocating into the nucleus and combining with the p65 subunit of NF-κB and promoting the expression of downstream genes as cell adhesion molecules (i.e., ICAM-2, ICAM-3, selectin P ligand, selectin E, selectin L), toll-like receptor TLR4 and TLR5, FOS, JUN and cytokines IL-8 that are involved in tumor progression and metastasis [17].