GDNF and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: For example, our previous studies showed the positive effect of genetically modified umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCB-MC) simultaneously produces three recombinant molecules (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [25], spinal cord injury [26] and stroke [7,27].