After injury or infection of a wound, immune cells, particularly resident macrophages (Mφ), are triggered by pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and phospho-p65, which trigger transcription factor NF-κB [16,17]. The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is infection.