Validation studies with Caucasian CHB patients revealed the following AUROC value ranges for the respective scores, including specific variables: GAG-HCC ((age, gender, HBV-DNA, liver cirrhosis): 74–86%), CU-HCC ((age, albumin, bilirubin, HBV-DNA, radiological cirrhosis): 62–91%), REACH-B ((age, gender, ALT, HBeAg status, HBV-DNA levels): 54–77%), and RWS-HCC ((age, gender, liver cirrhosis, α-FP): 85%). Here, GPT is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.