Though not specific for a molecular or cellular target, CPX-351 demonstrated efficacy in patients with secondary AML or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes and oral azaciditine (CC-486) improved survival in patients with NPM1 and/or FLT3-mutated AML, further supporting the ability to individualize therapy based on clinical characteristics in addition to cytogenetic or molecular features [5,6,7]. This evidence concerns the gene NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia.