Therapies targeting the immunological checkpoints programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) have been approved for the treatment of a variety of tumor types, including NSCLC. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.