Striking examples include HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor−2) amplifications in approximately 15% of breast cancer patients [1] and EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) activating mutations in lung cancer, in approximately 15% of western European patients [2]—molecularly oriented treatments for patients with breast cancer and HER2 inhibitors [3] or lung cancer with EGFR inhibitors [4] have considerably improved patient survival. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is lung carcinoma.