A growing body of evidence indicates that AGE receptor (RAGE) engagement by its ligands including AGE stimulate NADPH oxidase, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ERK1/2, P38 MAP-kinase, NFκB activation, and gene transcription, culminating in microvasculature alterations manifested in diabetes [43,44,45]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.