Large-scale human studies showed that high arylesterase activity of PON1 protects from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing elective diagnostic coronary angiography [6,7] and in patients with chronic kidney disease [8], while low homocysteine thiolactonase activity of PON1 was associated with worse long-term mortality [9]. The gene discussed is PON1; the disease is cardiovascular disorder.