While some host factors are hijacked by the HIV-1 capsid to prevent the innate sensing of HIV-1 infection (e.g., cyclophilin A (CypA) and specificity factor subunit 6 (CPSF6)), others, such as tripartite motif-containing protein 5 (TRIM5) and NONO, activate innate immune signaling [33]. The gene discussed is TRIM5; the disease is HIV-1 infection.