In both studies, MAPK output and TDS scores were intermediate between non-neoplastic and BRAF/fusion-positive tumors, similar to the RAS-like subgroup of tumors from the thyroid cancer TCGA (well-differentiated tumors with favorable prognosis), strongly suggesting that RNase IIIb mutations have the ability to activate the pathway. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is thyroid gland carcinoma.