In the present study, using intravital staining with distinct anti VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 mAbs, we have confirmed these results in resting lungs and extended them to influenza infected lungs, where we found a striking compartmentalization of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression by peribronchial vs. alveolar capillaries, respectively. The gene discussed is ICAM1; the disease is influenza.