In this report, as illustrated in Fig. 8m, we demonstrated that KAT8 could cocondensate with IRF1, which promotes IRF1 K78ac and enhances PD-L1 promoter binding and subsequently activates transcription, highlighting the critical role of KAT8–IRF1 condensates in shaping the tumor microenvironment by regulating PD-L1 transcription. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.