NR1H4 and cholestasis: To test this hypothesis, we used the GW4064, a general FXR agonist, and found that GW4064 could substantially reverse B. fragilis-induced cholestasis (Fig. 5a), liver injury (Fig. 5b–d; Supplementary Fig. 15a–d), fetal growth inhibition (Fig. 5e, f; Supplementary Fig. 15e), and morphological changes in the placenta (Fig. 5g).