Supplementation with GDCA decreased serum and hepatic TBA levels (Supplementary Fig. 13a; Fig. 4i) and liver injury (Fig. 4j; Supplementary Fig. 13b–e) and increased pup numbers (Supplementary Fig. 13f, g), fetal weight (Supplementary Fig. 13h), placental weight (Supplementary Fig. 13i), and morphological changes in the placenta (Fig. 4j), while deoxycholic acid (DCA) and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) were unable to mitigate and even aggravated B. fragilis-induced cholestasis (Supplementary Fig. 14). Here, GNAT3 is linked to cholestasis.