To varying degrees, BAL cytokine levels from the animals with positive lung cultures at either the day 30 or day 60 of infection (total n = 5) had increased levels of MIF, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, IL-1Ra, MIG, ICAM, IFNγ, RANTES, and TNF, compared to animals without a productive infection (total n = 2). This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and infection.