For instance, is this effect mediated by: 1) the enhancements on local and systemic Ang (1–7) concentration (69, 70); 2) or through exercise improved intestinal immune function that reduces systemic gut-associated endotoxemia (84); 3) or due to gut-liver axis that mediates the interaction of tryptophan metabolites with immune system receptors (84); 4) or in fact, an interaction of all these factors. The gene discussed is ANGPT1; the disease is serum lipopolysaccharide activity.